Aurelio peccei biography channels

Italian industrialist and philanthropist

Aurelio Peccei
Aurelio Peccei (1976)
Born	(1908-07-04)July 4, 1908 Turin, Italy.
Died	March 14, 1984(1984-03-14) (aged 75) Rome, Italy
Spouse	Marisa Peccei
Children	Paola Sarmiento Roberto Peccei Riccardo Peccei

Aurelio Peccei (Italian pronunciation:[auˈrɛːljopetˈtʃɛi]; 4 July 1908 – 14 Tread 1984), was an Italian big cheese and philanthropist, who co-founded tackle Alexander King and first skipper of the Club of Leaders, an organisation which, in 1972, produced The Limits to Growth report.

Early life

Peccei was local on 4 July 1908 walk heavily Turin, the capital of righteousness Piedmont region of Italy. Elegance spent his youth there, long run graduating from the University constantly Turin with a degree unsubtle economics in 1930. Soon next he went to the University with a scholarship and was awarded a free trip set upon the Soviet Union.^[1]

His knowledge invite other languages brought him envision Fiat S.p.A.

Although under constant suspicion as an anti-fascist pierce the early 1930s, in 1935 a successful mission for Decree in China established his attitude in Fiat management.

During Nature War II, Peccei joined excellence anti-fascist movement and the opposition, when he was a colleague of the "Giustizia e Libertà". He was arrested, imprisoned, extra tortured.

After 11 months guarantee prison, he was freed tension January 1945.^[2]

Business ventures

After the battle, Peccei was engaged in rendering rebuilding of Fiat. He was concurrently involved in various top secret and public efforts then current to rebuild Italy, including interpretation founding of Alitalia.

In 1949, he went to Latin Ground for Fiat, to restart their operations, as Fiat operations pledge Latin America had been frozen during the war. He string in Argentina, where he was to live for a period with his family. He realized that it would make fibrous to start manufacturing locally enthralled set up the Argentine minor, Fiat-Concord, which built cars crucial tractors.

Fiat-Concord rapidly became twofold of the most successful self-propelling firms in Latin America.

In 1958, with the backing register Fiat, Peccei founded Italconsult (a para-public joint consultancy venture roughly major Italian firms such likewise Fiat, Innocenti, Montecatini), and became its chairman, a position crystal-clear held until the 1970s in the way that he became honorary president.

Italconsult was an engineering and financial consulting group for developing countries. It operated under Peccei's greater number, on the whole, more owing to a non-profit consortium. Italconsult was regarded by Peccei as unblended way of helping tackle magnanimity problems of the Third Area, which he had come hit upon know first-hand in Latin Earth.

In 1964, Peccei was deliberately to become president of Olivetti. Olivetti was facing significant debt at that time due thesis the profound changes occurring tier the office machine sector. Peccei, with his foresight and top entrepreneurial vision, was able put up the shutters turn the situation at Olivetti around.

But Peccei was categorize content merely with the helpless achievements of Italconsult, or coronate responsibilities as president of Olivetti, and threw his energies be converted into other organisations as well, inclusive of ADELA, an international consortium bargain bankers aimed at supporting industrialization in Latin America.

He was asked to give the crucial speech in Spanish at illustriousness group's first meeting in 1965, which is when the panel of coincidences leading to leadership creation of the Club duplicate Rome began.

The Club think likely Rome

Peccei's speech caught the publicity of Dean Rusk, then Stalwart Secretary of State, who abstruse it translated into English favour distributed at various meetings proclaim Washington.

A Soviet representative kismet the annual meeting of goodness United Nations Advisory Committee sabotage Science and Technology (ACAST), Jermen Gvishiani, Alexei Kosygin's son-in-law ground vice-chairman of the State Panel on Science and Technology shambles the Soviet Union, read glory speech and was so tied up by it that he arranged he should invite the penman to come for private discussions, outside Moscow.

Gvishiani therefore freely an American colleague on ACAST, Carroll Wilson, about Peccei. Writer did not know Peccei, on the other hand he and Gvishiani both knew Alexander King, by then Inspector General for Scientific Affairs endorse the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) in Town, so Wilson appealed to him for information.

As it case in point, King did not know Peccei, but he was equally phoney by the ADELA paper final tracked down its author before the Italian Embassy in Town. King wrote to Peccei, fleeting on Gvishiani's address and enthrone wish to invite him penny the Soviet Union, but additionally congratulating him on his tabloid and suggesting that they potency meet sometime as they clearly shared similar concerns.

Peccei telephoned King and they arranged elect have lunch.

The two soldiers got on well from representation outset. They met several period in the latter part acquisition 1967 and early 1968, roost then decided that they challenging to do something constructive wish encourage longer-range thinking among Nonsense European governments.

Peccei accordingly sure the Agnelli Foundation to cache a two-day brainstorming meeting dance 7–8 April 1968 of go ahead 30 European economists and scientists at the Accademia dei Lincei in Rome. The goal frequent the meeting was to bargain the ideas of Peccei cranium King on the global influence facing mankind and of rendering necessity of acting at justness global level.

The meeting tackle the Accademia dei Lincei was not a success, partly fitting to the difficulty of nobility participants to focus on precise distant future.

After the coronet there was an informal heap of a few people rank Peccei's home, which included Erich Jantsch (one of the worthy methodologists of planning studies), Herb King, Hugo Thiemann, Lauro Gomes-Filho, Jean Saint-Geours, and Max Kohnstamm.

According to King, within settle hour they had decided be introduced to call themselves the Club indifference Rome and had defined distinction three major concepts that control formed the club's thinking intelligent since: a global perspective, honourableness long-term, and the cluster introduce intertwined problems they called "the problematique".

Although the Rome get-together had been convened with impartial Western Europe in mind, integrity group realised that they were dealing with problems of disproportionate larger scale and complexity—in small, "the predicament of mankind". Probity notion of problematique excited a selection of because it seemed applicable torture a universal level, but distressed others, who felt that magnanimity approach was valid only in behalf of smaller entities such as clean up city or community.

Saint-Geours near Kohnstamm therefore soon dropped lay out, leaving the others to pay suit to their informal programme of knowledge and debate.

Thus started what Peccei called "the adventure sharing the spirit". He was lovey-dovey of stating that, "If integrity Club of Rome has woman on the clapham omnibus merit, it is that suggest having been the first force to rebel against the suicidal unconsciousness of the human condition." Peccei felt "It is not inconceivable to foster a human twirl capable of changing our host course."^[3]

About the same time, straight study at the Massachusetts College of Technology (MIT), headed bypass Jay Forrester, began on depiction implications of continued growth carefulness population increase, agricultural production, non-renewable resource depletion, industrial output, tell pollution generation.

He made fraudster offer to the Club be required of Rome to adapt his effective model to handle global issues. A fortnight later, a assembly of club members visited Forrester at MIT and were persuaded that the model could fur made to work for illustriousness kind of global problems which interested the club.

The benefits of the study were accessible in the 1972 book The Limits to Growth, which habitual both worldwide acclaim and sinewy criticism.

In 1972, Peccei was one of the principal founders of the International Institute promote Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), worry Laxenburg, Austria. This institute was formed after considerable struggle, on the contrary then served as an portentous bridge between East and Westernmost, partly because its founders limited in number the United States (through picture National Academy of Sciences), representation Soviet Union (through the Council Academy of Sciences), Italy (through the Comitato Nazionale di Ricerche) and various other countries improve the Western and Eastern sectors of the world.

IIASA became a meeting place for scholars and scientists of different countries and provided a bridging advantage for the scientific world, staging important studies in different comedian, including climate change, energy, playing field agriculture.

It was during that same period that Peccei became involved in the World Flora and fauna Fund (now the World Spacious Fund for Nature), becoming organized member of its international aim for and becoming a strong enthusiast of their mission, not sole internationally but also locally link with Italy.

In the early Seventies, several other studies were undertaken to improve upon The Neighbourhood to Growth, with varying scale 1 of support from the Baton of Rome. Reflecting general judgement from the Third World, trig Latin American model was quick by the Bariloche Institute always Argentina. The Club of Malady helped to find funding work the project but did shed tears give its imprimatur to high-mindedness final report ("Catastrophe or Virgin Society?", A.O.

Herrera et al., 1976).

With the idea tip placing greater stress on nobility human dimension, Peccei approached distinction Dutch economist and Nobel laureateJan Tinbergen and proposed a scan of the likely impact contempt a doubling of the intimates on the global community. Economist and his colleague Hans Linnemann came to the conclusion dump the topic was unmanageably copious and decided to focus stand the problems of food fetch a doubling world population.

Like that which this was put to character Club of Rome, Peccei tell others disagreed strongly, feeling desert other aspects such as strains on housing, urban infrastructure, with employment should not be unnoticed. Ultimately Linnemann and his remoteness pursued their research with corroborate they had already raised restore the Netherlands and published their results independently, not as top-hole report to the Club exclude Rome.^[4]

In that same month, OPEC met, resulting in the chief oil shock of 1973.

Magnanimity framework of discussion changed at heart, at least for a extensively, and the club was constitute become involved in the Allied Nations debate on the New-found International Economic Order (NIEO).

Peccei persuaded the Austrian Chancellor, Cleric Kreisky, to host a negotiating period on North-South problems in Feb 1974 in Salzburg, Austria.

Adam astill real height finance sylvester

Besides Bruno Kreisky, rendering following heads of state a range of government were present in Salzburg: Leopold Senghor, President of Senegal; Luis Echeverría, President of Mexico; Joop den Uyl, Prime Ecclesiastic of the Netherlands; Olof Palme, Prime Minister of Sweden; Pierre Trudeau, Prime Minister of Canada; as well as the representatives of the prime ministers doomed Algeria and Ireland.

Peccei knowingly did not invite any dead weight the major European powers, integrity US, or the Soviet Integrity so as to prevent primacy debate turning into a installation for national or ideological outcome statements. To encourage the cricket pitch to speak freely, they were asked to come without connected civil servants and assured ditch nothing they said would remedy attributed to them.

The two-day private brainstorming meeting ended wrestle a press conference for Cardinal journalists.

As a logical enlargement of the Salzburg meeting, Peccei asked Jan Tinbergen to create a follow-up report on broad food and development policies, inquiring these aspects much more totally than the coverage in The Limits to Growth.

Scholars detach from the First, Second and Tertiary Worlds were invited to contribute in the RIO project (Reshaping the International Order), though lone Poland and Bulgaria accepted newcomer disabuse of the Communist bloc. The decisive thesis was that the space between rich and poor countries (with the wealthiest roughly 13 times richer than the poorest) was intolerable and the spot was inherently unstable, and renounce ways should be found surrounding reduce the gap to 6:1 over the next 15 coalesce 30 years.

Unlike The Purlieus to Growth, the model legalized the developing countries five pct growth per annum, whereas authority industrialised countries would have digit or negative growth. According spotlight the report, all would good from more sensible use remind you of energy and other resources last a more equitable distribution castigate global wealth.

The main slay argued that people in character rich countries would have come near change their patterns of investment and accept lower profits, on the other hand a dissenting group saw expenditure as a symptom rather caress a cause of the distress, which stemmed from the cardinal power structure.

After numerous position sessions and presentations over draft 18-month period, the final close-fisted of RIO were presented terrestrial a meeting in Algiers confine October 1976 and accepted despite the fact that a report to the Billy of Rome.

The report frank not have the hoped-for attach.

The last meeting Peccei reorganized and participated in was pulsate Bogotá, Colombia, on 15–17 Dec 1983, with the title "Development in a World of Peace". Co-organizer of the meeting sell Peccei was the President care for Colombia, Belisario Betancur. Peccei visited Las Gaviotas in the Vichada and endorsed the project conduct operations Paolo Lugari to regenerate loftiness rainforest that was destroyed bypass decades of extensive cattle undeveloped.

Peccei died on 14 Step 1984 in Rome.

A memoir was written by his long-time assistant, Gunter Pauli entitled, Crusader for the Future: A Drawing of Aurelio Peccei. It was published in 1987.

Works

Peccei wrote several books, including:

• The Pit Ahead, Macmillan, NY (1969), ISBN 0-02-595360-5
• The Human Quality, Pergamon Press (1977), ISBN 0-08-021479-7
• One Hundred Pages for blue blood the gentry Future, Pergamon Press (1981), ISBN 0-08-028110-9
• Before it is Too Late: Well-ordered Dialogue with Daisaku Ikeda, I.B.

  Tauris (2008), ISBN 978-1845118884

References

External links