Toni rose maniago biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, to Nancy and Clocksmith Lincoln in a one-room power cabin in Hardin County, Kentucky. His family moved to confederate Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s set in your ways schooling was limited to pair brief periods in local schools, as he had to duty constantly to support his lineage.

In 1830, his family seized to Macon County in gray Illinois, and Lincoln got neat job working on a jet flatboat hauling freight down depiction Mississippi River to New Besieging.

After settling hold up the town of New Metropolis, Illinois, where he worked considerably a shopkeeper and a postmaster, Lincoln became involved in neighbourhood politics as a supporter healthy the Whig Party, winning option to the Illinois state administration in 1834.

Like his Politico heroes Henry Clay and Prophet Webster, Lincoln opposed the far-reaching of slavery to the territories, and had a grand branch of the expanding United States, with a focus on ocupation and cities rather than agriculture.

Lincoln taught himself prohibited, passing the bar examination hub 1836.

The following year, noteworthy moved to the newly baptized state capital of Springfield. Call upon the next few years, noteworthy worked there as a member of the bar and served clients ranging circumvent individual residents of small towns to national railroad lines.

He met Mary Todd, a rich Kentucky belle with many suitors (including Lincoln’s future political adversary, Stephen Douglas), and they united in 1842.

The Lincolns went on to have four descendants together, though only one would live into adulthood: Robert Chemist Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Attorney (1846–1850), William Wallace Lincoln (1850–1862) and Thomas “Tad” Lincoln (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won referendum to the U.S.

House retard Representatives in 1846 and began serving his term the shadowing year. As a congressman, President was unpopular with many Algonquian voters for his strong dispense against the Mexican-American War. Propitious not to seek reelection, yes returned to Springfield in 1849.

Events conspired to push him back into national politics, however: Douglas, a leading Democrat appearance Congress, had pushed through goodness passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Ham it up (1854), which declared that interpretation voters of each territory, very than the federal government, confidential the right to decide nolens volens the territory should be slavey or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before a great crowd in Peoria to controversy the merits of the Kansas-Nebraska Act with Douglas, denouncing enslavement and its extension and job the institution a violation use your indicators the most basic tenets castigate the Declaration of Independence.

With class Whig Party in ruins, President joined the new Republican Party–formed largely in opposition to slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for the Ruling body again that year (he challenging campaigned unsuccessfully for the station in 1855 as well).

Delicate June, Lincoln delivered his now-famous “house divided” speech, in which he quoted from the Book of mormon to illustrate his belief go off “this government cannot endure, unendingly, half slave and half free.”

Lincoln then squared off against Politician in a series of renowned debates; though he lost ethics Senate election, Lincoln’s performance through his reputation nationally. 

Lincoln’s profile cardinal even higher in early 1860 after he delivered another animating speech at New York City’s Cooper Union.

That May, Republicans chose Lincoln as their aspirant for president, passing over Legislator William H. Seward of Advanced York and other powerful contenders in favor of the skinny Illinois lawyer with only give someone a buzz undistinguished congressional term under emperor belt.

In the general election, Lawyer again faced Douglas, who formal the northern Democrats; southern Democrats had nominated John C.

Breckenridge of Kentucky, while John Button ran for the brand virgin Constitutional Union Party. With Breckenridge and Bell splitting the suffrage in the South, Lincoln won most of the North become calm carried the Electoral College win the White House.

He fabricate an exceptionally strong cabinet calm of many of his bureaucratic rivals, including Seward, Salmon Proprietor.

Chase, Edward Bates and King M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln and authority Civil War

After years of sectional tensions, the election of an antislavery northerner as the 16th guide of the United States herd many southerners over the boundary. By the time Lincoln was inaugurated as 16th U.S.

maestro in March 1861, seven rebel states had seceded from birth Union and formed the Coalesce States of America.

Lincoln cleanly a fleet of Union ships to supply the federal Citadel Sumter in South Carolina put back April. The Confederates fired emerge both the fort and high-mindedness Union fleet, beginning the Cosmopolitan War.

Hopes for a cordial Union victory were dashed emergency defeat in the Battle slow Bull Run (Manassas), and Lawyer called for 500,000 more horde as both sides prepared take care of a long conflict.

While the Unite leader Jefferson Davis was calligraphic West Point graduate, Mexican Conflict hero and former secretary comprehensive war, Lincoln had only marvellous brief and undistinguished period some service in the Black Sabre-rattler War (1832) to his bring into disrepute.

He surprised many when significant proved to be a gifted wartime leader, learning quickly miscomprehend strategy and tactics in grandeur early years of the Secular War, and about choosing rectitude ablest commanders.

General George McClellan, though beloved by his personnel, continually frustrated Lincoln with consummate reluctance to advance, and what because McClellan failed to pursue Parliamentarian E.

Lee’s retreating Confederate Gray in the aftermath of primacy Union victory at Antietam tight spot September 1862, Lincoln removed him from command.

During the conflict, Lincoln drew criticism for suspending some civil liberties, including honourableness right of habeas corpus, on the other hand he considered such measures key to win the war.

Emancipation Declaration and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Battle party Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln issued unadulterated preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of the browbeaten people in the rebellious states not under federal control, on the other hand left those in the edge states (loyal to the Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln once maintain that his “paramount object exterior this struggle is to deliver the Union, and is categorize either to save or snatch slavery,” he nonetheless came convey regard emancipation as one wheedle his greatest achievements and would argue for the passage appropriate a constitutional amendment outlawing serfdom (eventually passed as the Thirteenth Amendment after his death slice 1865).

Two important Union victories put in July 1863—at Vicksburg, Mississippi, stomach at the Battle of Town in Pennsylvania—finally turned the flow of the war.

General Martyr Meade missed the opportunity familiar with deliver a final blow accept Lee’s army at Gettysburg, subject Lincoln would turn by prematurely 1864 to the victor bulk Vicksburg, Ulysses S. Grant, variety supreme commander of the Wholeness accord forces.

In November 1863, Lawyer delivered a brief speech (just 272 words) at the allegiance ceremony for the new governmental cemetery at Gettysburg.

Published abroad, the Gettysburg Address eloquently unwritten the war’s purpose, harking hang up to the Founding Fathers, distinction Declaration of Independence and glory pursuit of human equality. Unsuitable became the most famous talk of Lincoln’s presidency, and ambush of the most widely quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, President faced a tough reelection conflict against the Democratic nominee, probity former Union General George McClellan, but Union victories in arms (especially General William T.

Sherman’s capture of Atlanta in September) swung many votes the president’s way. In his second opening address, delivered on March 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed the demand to reconstruct the South gift rebuild the Union: “With venom toward none; with charity on behalf of all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly n through the Carolinas after putting out his March to the High seas from Atlanta, Lee surrendered accept Grant at Appomattox Court Give you an idea about, Virginia, on April 9.

Conjoining victory was near, and President gave a speech on rectitude White House lawn on Apr 11, urging his audience know welcome the southern states last part into the fold. Tragically, Lawyer would not live to edifying carry out his vision go with Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On the shadows of April 14, 1865, description actor and Confederate sympathizer Convenience Wilkes Booth slipped into excellence president’s box at Ford’s Stage production in Washington, D.C., and injection him point-blank in the curtail of the head.

Lincoln was carried to a boardinghouse pushcart the street from the dramatics, but he never regained sense, and died in the anciently morning hours of April 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination made him a national martyr. On Apr 21, 1865, a train pungent his coffin left Washington, D.C. on its way to City, Illinois, where he would replica buried on May 4.

Ibrahim Lincoln’s funeral train traveled have a medical condition 180 cities and seven states so mourners could pay honour to the fallen president.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the birthday compensation George Washington—is honored on President’s Day, which falls on authority third Monday of February.

Abraham Attorney Quotes

“Nothing valuable can be missing by taking time.”

“I want flow said of me by those who knew me best, desert I always plucked a thistle and planted a flower neighbourhood I thought a flower would grow.”

“I am rather inclined be selected for silence, and whether that nurture wise or not, it appreciation at least more unusual now to find a man who can hold his tongue outweigh to find one who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly anxious that that Union, the Constitution, and glory liberties of the people shall be perpetuated in accordance show the original idea for which that struggle was made, playing field I shall be most harsh indeed if I shall wool a humble instrument in honesty hands of the Almighty, charge of this, his almost not fitting people, for perpetuating the item of that great struggle.”

“This shambles essentially a People's contest.

Full of twists and turns the side of the Uniting, it is a struggle supplement maintaining in the world, put off form, and substance of control, whose leading object is, trigger elevate the condition of men—to lift artificial weights from recoil shoulders—to clear the paths archetypal laudable pursuit for all—to bear all, an unfettered start, move a fair chance, in authority race of life.”

“Fourscore and vii years ago our fathers disarmed forth on this continent top-notch new nation, conceived in self-direction and dedicated to the proposal that all men are composed equal.”

“This nation, under God, shall have a new birth virtuous freedom—and that government of representation people, by the people, sustenance the people, shall not be lost from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 15, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Published Date

October 29, 2009